시장이 폭락할 때 해야 할 일: 합리적 투자자의 플레이북

Market crashes feel like the end of the world when they are happening. Portfolio values plummet, headlines scream catastrophe, and the overwhelming instinct is to sell everything before it gets worse. This instinct, while natural, is the single most destructive impulse an 투자자 can act on.

Every significant market crash in history has been followed by a recovery that exceeded the previous peak. Every single one. The 투자자 who benefited from these recoveries were those who held their positions through the crash. The 투자자 who suffered permanent damage were those who sold during the decline.

시장이 폭락할 때 어떻게 대처해야 하는지 아는 것은 용감하거나 역발상적인 투자 전략을 세우는 것과는 무관합니다. 중요한 것은 순간적인 감정에 상관없이 실행할 수 있는 계획과 시스템을 갖추는 것입니다.

첫 번째 단계: 자산 배분은 그대로 두세요. 목표 자산 배분은 냉정하고 냉철한 판단을 할 수 있었던 시점에 설정되었습니다. 주식 시장 폭락은 자산 배분 결정의 근본적인 이유를 바꾸지 않았습니다. 지금 자산 배분을 변경하는 것은 극심한 감정적 스트레스 속에서 중대한 재정적 결정을 내리는 것과 같습니다.

Step two: if possible, add to your 포트폴리오. Crashes create opportunities to buy quality assets at discounted prices. Investors who added capital during the 2008 financial crisis or the 2020 pandemic crash saw extraordinary returns in the following years. Regular contributions during a crash are the closest thing to a guaranteed advantage in investing.

Step three: rebalance. During a crash, some themes fall more than others, pushing your allocation away from targets. Rebalancing buys more of the depressed themes at lower prices. This is mechanically simple but psychologically difficult, which is why automated 리밸런싱 is so valuable during crashes.

The playbook for market crashes is simple to understand and extraordinarily difficult to execute manually. The emotional intensity of watching your 포트폴리오 decline makes rational action nearly impossible for most 투자자.

Automated 포트폴리오 관리 executes the rational playbook without requiring rational behavior from you. It maintains your allocation. It rebalances into the decline. It keeps you positioned for the recovery that has always followed. This is when automation earns its keep.